The n263 band, operating in the unlicensed 60-70 GHz "E-Band" frequency range, is a distinctive addition to the 5G spectrum, introduced in 3GPP Release 17.6 (August 2022). This band is part of the millimeter-wave (mmWave) spectrum and is known for its extremely high frequency, which enables ultra-high data throughput through the use of very large channel widths, up to 2000 MHz wide.
Being unlicensed in many countries, the 60 GHz band offers unique opportunities and challenges. It enables broader usage without the need for specific spectrum licenses, making it accessible for a variety of applications and providers. This band is particularly well-suited for short-range, high-capacity wireless communication, such as high-speed wireless local area networks (WLANs), wireless backhaul, and potentially fixed wireless access (FWA) in dense urban environments.
However, the 60 GHz frequency has limited propagation characteristics, with a notably short range and higher susceptibility to obstacles, leading to signal attenuation. This requires a dense deployment of access points or nodes to ensure effective coverage. The band's characteristics also include challenges with penetration through materials, making indoor coverage potentially problematic.